Undercurrents examines the complex relationship between war, increasing climate-related hazards and environmental degradation in Yemen that are undermining security and driving further conflict, particularly at the local level. Undertaken in collaboration with the European Institute of Peace, the assessment highlights why climate and environmental action must be part of Yemen’s conflict mitigation and peacebuilding processes at different levels.

Iraq has begun to feel the brunt of climate change and an increase in climate-related security risks. This study examines nine districts, exploring the ways in which climate change is contributing to conflict and insecurity in these districts through an analysis of climate security risk pathways.

Since 2014, the Yemeni people have been experiencing a ravaging civil war which is affecting their lives at the most basic level. Scarcity of water and food insecurity are ubiquitous across the country, along with other environment-related challenges. Yemen´s security and environmental crisis is worsening with climate change, which causes drier seasons and more frequent extreme weather events such as flash floods. Environmental challenges underpin livelihoods, interact with conflict dynamics, and therefore need to be part of the search for peace.

This roadmap outlines the urgent challenges and strategic directions necessary for integrating climate security into Somalia's policy landscape. It proposes actions for Somali authorities and their international partners to ensure Somalia can access essential resources to address climate-related security challenges and achieve policy goals.

This roadmap identifies the urgent challenges and strategic directions necessary for integrating climate security into Iraq's policy landscape. It proposes actions for Iraqi authorities and their international partners to ensure Iraq accesses essential resources to address climate-related security challenges and achieve policy goals.

This roadmap outlines some of the critical challenges Yemen faces in integrating climate security into its policy, suggesting a course of action for the short, medium, and long term. Recommendations are also proposed for the donor community to ensure Yemen receives the necessary resources to combat pressing climate-related security challenges and realise policy ambitions.

This case study identified key challenges Jordan faces in better mainstreaming climate security into its policy framework. Several tools to support decision makers in Jordan and international partners better integrate climate security considerations within Jordan's policy mix are also presented.